MRV means 'Measurement, Reporting, Verification' — the paper trail a carbon project needs to prove itself. Digital MRV replaces most of the paperwork with satellite images and code.
The satellite that watches every field
Europe's Sentinel-2 satellite flies over every farm on Earth once every 5 days — free, forever. It measures how green a field is (called NDVI). Compare this year's greenness curve to the last 3 years' average, and you can see if the plot is actually locking in more carbon.
When clouds get in the way
Optical satellites can't see through monsoon clouds. That's where radar helps — Sentinel-1 radar sees straight through cloud cover and picks up soil roughness too (a proxy for tillage). Combine both and you can skip about 90% of physical site visits.